During the Avignon Papacy (1309–1377), the papal court abandoned Rome, leaving the city in decline while power shifted to France.
The Avignon Papacy: When Rome Lost Its Popes
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Papal History
The Leonine Wall: Rome’s Defense Against Saracen Raids
In the 9th century, Pope Leo IV built the Leonine Wall to protect Rome from Saracen raids, strengthening the city’s medieval defenses.
Rome in the 14th Century: The Abandonment During the Avignon Papacy
During the Avignon Papacy (1309–1377), Rome fell into decline as the popes ruled from France, leaving the Eternal City in political and economic turmoil.
